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Multistage growth of Fe–Mg–carpholite and Fe–Mg–chloritoid, from field evidence to thermodynamic modelling

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Abstract

We provide new insights into the prograde evolution of HP/LT metasedimentary rocks on the basis of detailed petrologic examination, element-partitioning analysis, and thermodynamic modelling of well-preserved Fe–Mg–carpholite- and Fe–Mg–chloritoid-bearing rocks from the Afyon Zone (Anatolia). We document continuous and discontinuous compositional (ferromagnesian substitution) zoning of carpholite (overall X Mg = 0.27–0.73) and chloritoid (overall X Mg = 0.07–0.30), as well as clear equilibrium and disequilibrium (i.e., reaction-related) textures involving carpholite and chloritoid, which consistently account for the consistent enrichment in Mg of both minerals through time, and the progressive replacement of carpholite by chloritoid. Mg/Fe distribution coefficients calculated between carpholite and chloritoid vary widely within samples (2.2–20.0). Among this range, only values of 7–11 correlate with equilibrium textures, in agreement with data from the literature. Equilibrium phase diagrams for metapelitic compositions are calculated using a newly modified thermodynamic dataset, including most recent data for carpholite, chloritoid, chlorite, and white mica, as well as further refinements for Fe–carpholite, and both chloritoid end-members, as required to reproduce accurately petrologic observations (phase relations, experimental constraints, Mg/Fe partitioning). Modelling reveals that Mg/Fe partitioning between carpholite and chloritoid is greatly sensitive to temperature and calls for a future evaluation of possible use as a thermometer. In addition, calculations show significant effective bulk composition changes during prograde metamorphism due to the fractionation of chloritoid formed at the expense of carpholite. We retrieve P–T conditions for several carpholite and chloritoid growth stages (1) during prograde stages using unfractionated, bulk-rock XRF analyses, and (2) at peak conditions using compositions fractionated for chloritoid. The P–T paths reconstructed for the Kütahya and Afyon areas shed light on contrasting temperature conditions for these areas during prograde and peak stages.

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Acknowledgments

The Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (OB80/34) and the Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences at the University of Potsdam are kindly acknowledged for financial support. Amaury Pourteau warmly thanks Pierre Lanari and Benoit Dubacq for fruitful discussions, as well as Christian Chopin and Thomas Theye for comments on an early version of the manuscript. Thanks are also due to two anonymous peers for their positive reviews.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Institut für Erd- und Umweltwissenschaften, Universität Potsdam, Karl-Liebknecht-Straße 24-25, 14476, Potsdam-Golm, Germany

    Amaury Pourteau, Erik Duesterhoeft & Roland Oberhänsli

  2. Institut für Geowissenschaften, Christian-Albrechts-Universität zu Kiel, Ludewig-Meyn-Straße 10, 24118, Kiel, Germany

    Romain Bousquet & Erik Duesterhoeft

  3. Isterre, CNRS, Université Joseph Fourier Grenoble, 1381 rue de la Piscine, 38041, Grenoble Cedex 09, France

    Olivier Vidal

  4. Laboratoire de Géologie, UMR CNRS 8538, Ecole Normale Supérieure, 24 rue Lhomond, 75005, Paris, France

    Alexis Plunder

  5. ISTeP, Université Pierre et Marie Curie, Paris VI, 75005, Paris, France

    Alexis Plunder

  6. Mühendislik Fakültesi, Jeoloji Mühendisliği Bölümü, Tınaztepe Kampusu, Dokuz Eylül Üniversitesi, Buca, 35160, Izmir, Turkey

    Osman Candan

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  1. Amaury Pourteau
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Correspondence to Amaury Pourteau.

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Pourteau, A., Bousquet, R., Vidal, O. et al. Multistage growth of Fe–Mg–carpholite and Fe–Mg–chloritoid, from field evidence to thermodynamic modelling. Contrib Mineral Petrol 168, 1090 (2014). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00410-014-1090-7

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