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Seismic response of Beirut (Lebanon) buildings: instrumental results from ambient vibrations

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Abstract

Resonance period is a key parameter in the seismic design of a structure, thus dynamic parameters of buildings in Beirut (Lebanon) were investigated based on ambient vibration method for risk and vulnerability assessment. Lebanon is facing high seismic hazard due to its major faults, combined to a high seismic risk caused by dense urbanization in addition to the lack of a seismic design code implementation. For this study, ambient vibration recordings have been performed on 330 RC buildings, period parameters extracted and statistically analyzed to identify correlations with physical building parameters (height, horizontal dimensions, age) and site characteristics (rock sites or soft sites). The study shows that (1) the building height or number of floors (N) is the primary statistically robust parameter for the estimation of the fundamental period T; (2) the correlation between T and N is linear and site dependent: T ≈ N/23 for rock sites and N/18 for soft sites; (3) the measured damping is inversely proportional to the period: the taller the building the lower is the damping; (4) a significant overestimation of the period exists in current building codes. However part of the large discrepancy with building code recommendations may be due to the very low level of loading.

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Acknowledgments

This work has been supported by the Libris research program (ANR RiskNat 2009-006) in collaboration between the laboratories ISTerre (Grenoble, France), Lebanese Geophysical Research Center (CRG), Saint-Joseph University of Beirut, Notre Dame University-Louaizé NDU, IPGP, EDYTEM, CETE, and is partially funded by IRD (Institut de Recherche pour le Développement). The authors would like to thank the municipalities of Jdeideh and Bourj Hammoud for their help in the access to the buildings, Jocelyne Gérard, Rita Zaarour and Nada Saliba for making use of the building inventory database and the Labex OSUG@2020 for financial support.

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  1. ISTerre-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement, CS 40700, 38058, Grenoble, France

    Christelle Salameh, Bertrand Guillier, Cécile Cornou, Christophe Voisin & Armand Mariscal

  2. Department of Civil and Environmental, Faculty of Engineering, Notre Dame University-Louaizé, Zouk Mosbeh, Lebanon

    Jacques Harb

  3. ISTerre-IFSTTAR, CS 40700, 38058, Grenoble, France

    Pierre-Yves Bard

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  1. Christelle Salameh
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Salameh, C., Guillier, B., Harb, J. et al. Seismic response of Beirut (Lebanon) buildings: instrumental results from ambient vibrations. Bull Earthquake Eng 14, 2705–2730 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10518-016-9920-9

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