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The role and conditions of second-stage mantle melting in the generation of low-Ti tholeiites and boninites: the case of the Manihiki Plateau and the Troodos ophiolite

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Abstract

High-Mg, low-Ti volcanic rocks from the Manihiki Plateau in the Western Pacific share many geochemical characteristics with subduction-related boninites such as high-Ca boninites from the Troodos ophiolite on Cyprus, which are believed to originate by hydrous re-melting of previously depleted mantle. In this paper we compare the Manihiki rocks and Troodos boninites using a new dataset on the major and trace element composition of whole rocks and glasses from these locations, and new high-precision, electron microprobe analyses of olivine and Cr-spinel in these rocks. Our results show that both low-Ti Manihiki rocks and Troodos boninites could originate by re-melting of a previously depleted lherzolite mantle source (20–25% of total melting with 8–10% melting during the first stage), as indicated by strong depletion of magmas in more to less incompatible elements (Sm/Yb < 0.8, Zr/Y < 2, Ti/V < 12) and high-Cr-spinel compositions (Cr# > 0.5). In comparison with Troodos boninites, the low-Ti Manihiki magmas had distinctively lower H2O contents (< 0.2 vs. > 2 wt% in boninites), ~ 100 °C higher liquidus temperatures at a given olivine Fo-number, lower fO2 (ΔQFM < + 0.2 vs. ΔQFM > + 0.2) and originated from deeper and hotter mantle (1.4–1.7 GPa, ~ 1440 °C vs. 0.8–1.0 GPa, ~ 1300 °C for Troodos boninites). The data provide new evidence that re-melting of residual upper mantle is not only restricted to subduction zones, where it occurs under hydrous conditions, but can also take place due to interaction of previously depleted upper mantle with mantle plumes from the deep and hotter Earth interior.

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[modified after Hoernle et al. (2010)]

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Acknowledgements

We thank Captain Mallon, the crew and the scientific participants of the SO225 cruise for excellent collaboration. Furthermore, we are grateful to M. Thöner and U. Westernströer for assistance and supervision with the EMP and ICP-MS analyses. We also thank Vadim Kamenetsky and anonymous reviewer for constructive criticism and recommendations which helped us to improve our presentation. This study was funded as part of the MANIHIKI II project by the German Ministry of Education and Research (BMBF; Grant number 03G0225A) and by the Russian Science Foundation Grant number 14-17-00491 (to A.V.S.).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. GEOMAR Helmholtz Centre for Ocean Research Kiel, Wischhofstrasse 1-3, 24148, Kiel, Germany

    Roman Golowin, Maxim Portnyagin, Kaj Hoernle & Reinhard Werner

  2. V.I. Vernadsky Institute of Geochemistry and Analytical Chemistry, Kosigin Str. 19, 119991, Moscow, Russia

    Maxim Portnyagin & Alexander Sobolev

  3. Institute of Geosciences, Christian-Albrechts-University of Kiel, Ludewig-Meyn-Strasse 10, 24118, Kiel, Germany

    Kaj Hoernle

  4. Institute Science de la Terre (ISTerre), CNRS, IRD, IFSTTAR, Université Grenoble Alpes, 38000, Grenoble, France

    Alexander Sobolev

  5. V.S. Sobolev Institute of Geology and Mineralogy, Siberian Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, pr. Akademika Koptyuga 3, 630090, Novosibirsk, Russia

    Dimitry Kuzmin

  6. Novosibirsk State University, Pirogova 2, 630090, Novosibirsk, Russia

    Dimitry Kuzmin

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  1. Roman Golowin
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Golowin, R., Portnyagin, M., Hoernle, K. et al. The role and conditions of second-stage mantle melting in the generation of low-Ti tholeiites and boninites: the case of the Manihiki Plateau and the Troodos ophiolite. Contrib Mineral Petrol 172, 104 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00410-017-1424-3

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