Skip to main content
Log in

Chlorophyll fluorescence as a tool in plant physiology

II. Interpretation of fluorescence signals

  • Review
  • Published:
Photosynthesis Research Aims and scope Submit manuscript

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Abbreviations

DCMU:

3-(3,4-dichlorophenyl)-1,1-dimethylurea

F:

yield of fluorescence emission

Fo :

constant (initial) fluorescence

Fv :

variable fluorescence

Fm :

maximum fluorescence

LHC:

light harvesting chlorophyll a/b-protein complex

PQ:

plastoquinone

QA :

primary ‘stable’ electron acceptor of photosystem II

Qe :

energy (ΔpH)-dependent fluorescence quenching

Qq :

QA-dependent fluorescence quenching

References

  1. Schreiber U (1983) Chlorophyll fluorescence as a tool in plant Physiology. Photosynth Res, in press

  2. Vredenberg WJ Slooten L (1967) Chlorophyll a fluorescence and photochemical activities of chloroplast fragments. Biochim Biophys Acta 143: 583–594

    Google Scholar 

  3. Kyle DJ Baker NR and Arntzen CJ (1983) Spectral characterization of photosystem I fluorescence at room temperature using thlakoid protein phosphorylation. Photobiochim Photobiophys 5: 79–85

    Google Scholar 

  4. Mathis P and Paillotin G (1981) Primary processes of photosynthesis. In: Hatch MD and Boardman NK (eds) The Biochemistry of Plants Vol 8, pp 97–161, Academic Press, New York, London

    Google Scholar 

  5. Butler WL and Kitajima M (1975) Fluorescence quenching in photosystem II of chloroplasts. Biochim Biophys Acta 376: 116–125

    Google Scholar 

  6. Papageorgiou G (1975) Chlorophyll fluorescence: An intrinsic probe of photosynthesis. In: Govindjee (ed) Bioenergetics of Photosynthesis, pp. 320–366, Academic Press, New York

    Google Scholar 

  7. Mohanty P and Govindjee (1974) The slow decline and the subsequent rise of fluorescence transients in intact algal cells. Plant Biochim J 1: 78–106

    Google Scholar 

  8. Walker DA Horton P Silvak MN and Quick WP (1983) Antiparallel relationship between O2 evolution and slow fluorescence induction kinetics. Photobiochim Photobiophys 5: 35–39

    Google Scholar 

  9. Bennett J (1979) Chloroplast phosphoproteins. The protein kinase of thylakoid membranes is light-dependent. FEBS Letters 103: 342–344

    Google Scholar 

  10. Bennett J Steinback KE and Arntzen CJ (1980) Chloroplast phosphoproteins: Regulation of excitation energy transfer by phosphorylation of thylakoid membrane polypeptides. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 77: 5253–5257

    Google Scholar 

  11. Horton P and Black MT (1980) Activation of Adenosine 5′-triphosphate-induced quenching of chlorophyll fluorescence by reduced plastoquinone. FEBS Letters 119(1): 141–144

    Google Scholar 

  12. Allen JF Bennett J Steinback KE and Arntzen CJ (1981) Chloroplast protein phosphorylation couples plastoquinone redox state to distribution of excitation energy between photosystems. Nature 291: 25–29

    Google Scholar 

  13. Barber J (1980) An explanation for the relationship between salt-induced thylakoid stacking and the chlorophyll fluorescence changes associated with changes in spillover of energy from photosystem II to photosystem I. FEBS Letters 118(1): 1–10

    Google Scholar 

  14. Horton P and Black MT (1983) A comparison between cation and protein phosphorylation effects on the fluorescence induction curve in chloroplasts treated with 3-(3,4-dichlorophenyl)-1,1-dimethylurea. Biochim Biophys Acta 722: 214–218

    Google Scholar 

  15. Anderson JM and Anderson B (1982) The architecture of photosynthetic membranes: lateral and transverse organization. Trends in Biol Sci 7: 288–292

    Google Scholar 

  16. Krause GH and Santarius KA (1975) Relative thermostability of the chloroplast envelope. Planta 127: 285–299

    Google Scholar 

  17. Schreiber U and Berry JA (1977) Heat-induced changes of chlorophyll fluorescence in intact leaves correlated with damage of the photosynthetic apparatus. Planta 136: 233–238

    Google Scholar 

  18. Schreiber U and Armond PA (1978) Heat-induced changes of chlorophyll fluorescence in isolated chloroplasts and related heat-damage at the pigment level. Biochim Biophys Acta 502: 138–151

    Google Scholar 

  19. Barényi B and Krause GH (1983) Inhibition of photosynthetic reactions by light. A study with isolated spinach chloroplasts. Photosynth Res, submitted

  20. Klosson JR and Krause GH (1981) Freezing injury in cold-acclimated and unhardened spinach leaves. II. Effects of freezing on chlorophyll fluorescence and light scattering reactions. Planta 151, 347–352

    Google Scholar 

  21. Duysens LNM and Sweers HE (1963) Mechanisms of the two photochemical reactions in algae as studied by means of fluorescence. In: Studies on Microalgae and Photosynthetic Bacteria, pp 353–372, Japan Society of Plant Physiology, Univ of Toky Press, Tokyo

    Google Scholar 

  22. Butler WL and Kitajima (1975) Energy transfer between photosystem II and Photosystem I in chloroplasts. Biochim Biophys Acta 396: 72–85

    Google Scholar 

  23. Klimov VV Klevanik AV and Shuvalov VA (1977) Reduction of pheophytin in the primary light reaction of photosystem II. FEBS Letters 82(2): 183–186

    Google Scholar 

  24. Klimov VV and Krasnovskii AA (1981) Pheophytin as a primary electron acceptor in photosystem II reaction center. Photosynthetica 15(4): 592–609

    Google Scholar 

  25. Vernotte C Etienne AL and Briantais J-M (1979) Quenching of the photosystem II chloroplhyll fluorescence by the plastoquinone pool. Biochim Biophys Acta 545: 519–527

    Google Scholar 

  26. Melis A Duysens LNM (1970) Biphasic energy conversion kinetics and absorbance difference spectra of phototsystem II of chloroplasts. Evidence for two different phototsystem II reaction centers. Photochem Photobiol 29: 373–382

    Google Scholar 

  27. Joliot P Bennoun P and Joliot A (1973) A new evidence supporting energy transfer between photosynthetic units. Biochim Biophys Acta 305: 317–328

    Google Scholar 

  28. Melis A and Homann PH (1975) Kinetic analysis of the fluorescence induction in 3-(3,4-dichlorophenyl)-1,1-dimethylurea poisoned chloroplasts. Photochem Photobiol 21: 431–437

    Google Scholar 

  29. Melis A and Homann PH (1978) A selective effect of Mg2+ on the photochemistry at one type of reaction center in photosystem II of chloroplasts. Arch Biochim Biophys 190: 523–530

    Google Scholar 

  30. Joliot P and Joliot A (1977) Evidence for a double hit process in photosystem II based on fluorescence studies. Biochim Biophys Acta 462: 559–574

    Google Scholar 

  31. Horton P and Croze E (1979) Characterization of two quenchers of chlorophyll fluorescence with different midpoint oxidation-reduction potentials in chloroplasts. Biochim Biophys Acta 545: 188–201

    Google Scholar 

  32. Horton P (1982) Heterogeneity in photosystem II. Biochim Soc Transaction 10: 338–340

    Google Scholar 

  33. Satoh K and Katoh S (1981) Fluorescence induction in chloroplasts isolated from the green alga, Bryopsis maxima. III. The I-D dip. Plant Cell Physiol 22: 11–21

    Google Scholar 

  34. Munday JD(Jr) and Govindjee (1969) Light-induced changes in the fluorescence yield of chlorophyll a in vivo. III. The dip and the peak in the fluorescence. Biophys J 9: 1–21

    Google Scholar 

  35. Krause GH Briantais J-M and Vernotte C (1981) Two mechanisms of reversible quenching in chloroplasts. In: Akoyunoglou G (ed) Photosynthesis I. Photophysical Processes-Membrane Energization, pp 575–584, Balaban, Philadelphia

    Google Scholar 

  36. Krause GH (1973) The high-energy state of the thylakoid system as indicated by chlorophyll fluorescence and chloroplast shrinkage. Biochim Biophys Acta 292: 715–728

    Google Scholar 

  37. Bradbury M and Baker NR (1983) A quantitative analysis of the chlorophyll fluorescence induction curve from pea leaves. Proc 6th Intern Congr on Photosynth, Brussels (in press)

  38. Schreiber U and Vidaver W (1976) The I-D fluorescence transient. An indicator of rapid energy distribution changes in photosynthesis. Biochim Biophys Acta 440: 205–214

    Google Scholar 

  39. Weis E (1982) Influence of light on the heat-sensitiveity of the photosynthetic apparatus in isolated spinach chloroplasts. Plant Physiol 70: 1530–1534

    Google Scholar 

  40. Lichtenthaler HK Burgstahler R Buschmann C Meier D Prenzel U and Schönthal S (1983) Effect of high light and high light stress on composition, function and structure of the photosynthetic apparatus. In: Marcelle R Clijsters H and Van Poucke M (eds) Effects of Stress on Photosynthesis, pp 353–370, M Nijhoff/Dr W Junk Publishers, The Hague

    Google Scholar 

  41. Satoh K and Fork DC (1982) Photoinhibition of reaction centers of photosystem I and II in intact Bryopsis chloroplasts under anaerobic conditions. Plant Physiol 70: 1004–1008

    Google Scholar 

  42. Murata N and Sugahara K (1969) Control of excitation transfer in photosynthesis. III. Light-induced decrease of chlorophyll a fluorescence related to photophosphorylation system in spinach chloroplasts. Biochim Biophys Acta 189: 182–192

    Google Scholar 

  43. Krause GH (1974) Changes in chlorophyll fluorescence in relation to light dependent cation transfer across thylakoid membranes. Biochim Biophys Acta 333: 301–313

    Google Scholar 

  44. Briantais J-M Vernotte C Picaud M and Krause GH (1979) A quantitative study of the slow decline of chlorophyll a fluorescence in isolated chloroplasts. Biochim Biophys Acta 548: 128–138

    Google Scholar 

  45. Briantais J-M Vernotte C Picaud M and Krause GH (1980) Chlorophyll fluorescence as a probe for the determination of the photoinduced proton gradient in isolated chloroplasts. Biochim Biophys Acta 591: 198–202

    Google Scholar 

  46. Garlaschi FM De Benedetti E Jennings RC and Forti G (1977) Influence of ΔpH and phosphorylation substrates on the slow fluorescence decline of isolated chloroplasts. In: Photosynthetic Organelles, special issue of Plant Cell Physiol. no 3: 67–73

  47. Krause GH (1978) Effects of uncouplers on Mg2+-dependent fluorescence quenching in isolated chloroplasts. Planta 138: 73–78

    Google Scholar 

  48. Krause GH Briantais J-M and Vernotte C (1982) Photoinduced quenching of chlorophyll fluorescence in intact chloroplasts and algae. Resolution into two components. Biochim Biophys Acta 679: 116–124

    Google Scholar 

  49. Krause GH Briantais J-M and Vernotte C (1983) Characterization of chlorophyll fluorescence quenching in chloroplasts by fluorescence spectroscopy at 77K. I. ΔpH dependent quenching. Biochim Biophys Acta 723: 169–175

    Google Scholar 

  50. Krause GH and Behrend U (1983) Characterization of chlorophyll fluorescence quenching in chloroplasts by fluorescence spectroscopy at 77 K. II. ATP-dependent quenching. Biochim Biophys Acta 723: 176–181

    Google Scholar 

  51. Mills JD Telfer A and Barber J (1976) Cation control of chlorophyll a fluorescence yield in chloroplasts. Location of cation sensitive sites. Biochim Biophys Acta 440: 495–505

    Google Scholar 

  52. Barber J (1976) Ionic regulation in intact chloroplasts and its effect on primary photosynthetic processes. In: Barber J (ed) The Intact Chlorplasts Vol 1, Topics in Photosynthesis, pp 88–134, Elsevier, Amsterdam

    Google Scholar 

  53. Ben-Hayyim G and Krause GH (1980) Transport of mono- and divalent cations across chlorplast membranes mediated by the ionophore A23187. Arch Biochim Biophys 201: 546–557

    Google Scholar 

  54. Portis AR(Jr) and Heldt HW (1976) Light-dependent changes of the Mg2+ concentration in the stroma in realtion to the Mg2+ dependency of CO2 fixation in intact chloroplasts. Biochim Biophys Acta 449: 434–446

    Google Scholar 

  55. Krause GH (1977) Light-induced movement of magnesium ions in intact chloroplasts. Spectroscopic determination with Eriochrome Blue SE. Biochim Biophys Acta 460: 500–510

    Google Scholar 

  56. Sokolove PM and Marsho TV (1977) Slow fluorescence quenching of type A chloroplasts. Resolution into two components. Biochim Biophys Acta 459: 27–35

    Google Scholar 

  57. Weis E (1983) Investigation on the heat-sensitivity of the thlakoid membranes in spinach leaves: the influence of light and short-time acclimatization to high temperatures. In: Marcells R Cliisters H and Van Poucke M (eds) Effects of Stress on Photosynthesis, pp 295–304 M Nijhoff/Dr W Junk Publishers, The Hague

    Google Scholar 

  58. Weis E (1983) Temperature-induced changes in the distribution of excitation energy between photosystem I and photosystem II in spinach leaves. In: Proc 6th Intern Congr Photosynthesis, Brussels (in press)

  59. Horton P (1983) Relations between electon transport and carbon assimilation: simultaneous meausrement of chlorophyll fluorescence, transthylakoid pH gradient and O2 evolution in isolated chloroplasts. Proc R Soc London B 217: 405–416

    Google Scholar 

  60. Sivak MN Cerovic ZG and Walker DA (1983) Simulataneous measurement of chlorophyll a fluorescence and photosynthetic O2 evolution in systems of decreasing complexity (from the leaf to the reconstituted chloroplast system). Proc 6th Intern Congr Photosynthesis, Brussels (in press)

  61. Bonaventura C and Myers J (1969) Fluorescence and oxygen evolution from Chlorella pyrenoidosa. Biochim Biophys Acta 189: 366–383

    Google Scholar 

  62. Murata N (1969) Control of excitation transfer in photosynthesis I. Light-induced change of chlorophyll a fluorescence in Porphyridium cruentum. Biochim Biophys Acta 172: 242–251

    Google Scholar 

  63. Ried A and Reinhard B (1977) Distribution of excitation energy between photosystem I and photosystem II in red algae. II. Kinetics of the transition between state 1 and state 2. Biochim Biophys Acta 460: 25–35

    Google Scholar 

  64. Chow WS telfer A Chapman DJ and Barber J (1981) State 1-state 2 transition in leaves and its association with ATP induced chlorophyll fluorescence quenching. Biochim Biophys Acta 638: 60–68

    Google Scholar 

  65. Kobayashi Y Köster S and Heber U (1982) Light scattering, chlorophyll fluorescence and state of the adenylate system in illuminated spinach leaves. Biochim Biophys Acta 682: 44–54

    Google Scholar 

  66. Kramer HJM Amez J and Rijgersberg CP (1981) Excitation spectra of chlorophyll fluoescence in spinach and barley chloroplasts at 4K. Biochim Biophys Acta 637: 272–277

    Google Scholar 

  67. Harnischfeger G (1977) The use of fluorescence emission at 77°K in the analysis of the photosynthetic apparatus of higher plants and algae. Advan Bot Res 5: 1–52

    Google Scholar 

  68. Butler WL and Kitajima M (1975) A tripartite model for chloroplast fluorescence. In: Avron M (ed) Proc Third Intern Congr Photosynthesis, pp 13–24, Elsevier, Amsterdam

    Google Scholar 

  69. Satoh K and Butier WL (1978) Low temperature spectral properties of subchloroplast fractions purified from spinach. Plant Physiol 61: 373–379

    Google Scholar 

  70. Butler WL (1977) Chlorophyll fluorescence: A probe for electron transfer and energy transfer. In: Trebst A and Avron M (eds) Encyclopedia of Plant Physiology, New Series, Vol 5, pp 149–167, Springer, Heidelberg

    Google Scholar 

  71. Butler W and Strasser RJ (1977) Tripartite model for the photochemical apparatus of green plant photosynthesis. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 74: 3382–3385

    Google Scholar 

  72. Strasser RJ (1981) The grouping model of plant photosynthesis: Heterogeneity of photosynthetic units in thylakoids. In: Akoyonoglou G (ed) Photosynthesis III. Structure and Molecular Organisation of Photosynthetic Apparatus, pp. 727–737, Balaban, Philadelphia

    Google Scholar 

  73. Haworth P Kyle DJ and Arntzen CJ (1982) A demonstration of the physiological role of membrane phosphorylation in chloroplasts, using the bipartite and tripartite models of photosynthesis. Biochim Biophys Acta 680: 343–351

    Google Scholar 

  74. Satoh K and Fork DC (1983) Changes in the distribution of light energy between the two photosystems in spinach leaves. Photosynth Res 4: 71–79

    Google Scholar 

  75. Satoh K and Fork DC (1983) A new mechanism for adaptation to changes in light intensity and quality in the red alga, Porphyra perforata. Biochim Biophys Acta 722: 190–196

    Google Scholar 

  76. Öquist G and Fork DC (1982) Effects of desiccation on the 77°K fluorescence properties of the liverwort Porella navicularis and the isolated lichen green alga Trebuxia pyriformis. Physiol Plant 56: 63–68

    Google Scholar 

  77. Powles SB and Björkman O (1982) Photoinhibition of photosynthesis: effect on chlorophyll fluorescence at 77K in intact leaves and in chloroplast membranes of Nerium oleander. Planta 156: 97–107

    Google Scholar 

  78. Butler W (1980) Energy transfer between photosystem II units in a connected package model of the photochemical apparatus of photosynthesis. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 77: 4697–4701

    Google Scholar 

  79. Strasser R (1983) Thermodynamically forced state changes in chloroplasts. Proc 6th Intern Congr Photosynthesis, Brussels (in press)

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Cite this article

Krause, G.H., Weis, E. Chlorophyll fluorescence as a tool in plant physiology. Photosynth Res 5, 139–157 (1984). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00028527

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Revised:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00028527

Key words

Navigation