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Universal Bottleneck for Thermal Relaxation in Disordered Metallic Films

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Abstract

We study the heat relaxation in current biased metallic films in the regime of strong electron–phonon coupling. A thermal gradient in the direction normal to the film is predicted, with a spatial temperature profile determined by the temperature-dependent heat conduction. In the case of strong phonon scattering, the heat conduction occurs predominantly via the electronic system and the profile is parabolic. This regime leads to the linear dependence of the noise temperature as a function of bias voltage, in spite of the fact that all the dimensions of the film are large compared to the electron–phonon relaxation length. This is in stark contrast to the conventional scenario of relaxation limited by the electron–phonon scattering rate. A preliminary experimental study of a 200-nm-thick NbN film indicates the relevance of our model for materials used in superconducting nanowire single-photon detectors.

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Acknowledgments

We are grateful to I.V. Tretyakov and A.V. Semenov for valuable discussions.

Funding

The development of the theoretical model was supported by the Russian Foundation for Basic Research (project no. 19-32-80037). The fabrication of the NbN sample and transport characterization were supported by the Russian Science Foundation (project no. 17-72-30036). Noise measurements were supported by the Russian Science Foundation (project no. 19-12-00326). A.I. Kardakova and E.M. Baeva acknowledge the support of the Council of the President of the Russian Federation for State Support of Young Scientists and Leading Scientific Schools (project no. MK-1308.2019.2). The data analysis was supported by the Ministry of Science and Higher Education of the Russian Federation (state task for the Institute of Solid State Physics, Russian Academy of Sciences).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Institute of Solid State Physics, Russian Academy of Sciences, Chernogolovka, Moscow region, 142432, Russia

    E. M. Baeva, S. U. Piatrusha & V. S. Khrapai

  2. Moscow State University of Education, Moscow, 119435, Russia

    E. M. Baeva, N. A. Titova, A. I. Kardakova & V. S. Khrapai

  3. National Research University Higher School of Economics, Moscow, 101000, Russia

    A. I. Kardakova

Authors
  1. E. M. Baeva
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  2. N. A. Titova
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  3. A. I. Kardakova
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  4. S. U. Piatrusha
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  5. V. S. Khrapai
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Corresponding author

Correspondence to V. S. Khrapai.

Additional information

Published in Russian in Pis’ma v Zhurnal Eksperimental’noi i Teoreticheskoi Fiziki, 2020, Vol. 111, No. 2, pp. 88-92.

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Baeva, E.M., Titova, N.A., Kardakova, A.I. et al. Universal Bottleneck for Thermal Relaxation in Disordered Metallic Films. Jetp Lett. 111, 104–108 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1134/S0021364020020034

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1134/S0021364020020034

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