Figure 1

Large scale STM topography of the $\text{Cu}\left(110\right)\text{−}\left(2\times 1\right)\text{-O}$ surface. Surface steps—naturally existing and annealing produced—are marked by black and white arrows, respectively. Newly produced terraces are labeled as A–K. The black and white lines specify the azimuthal direction of the step bunches (SBs). In inset: magnified view on the B and C terraces.Reuse & Permissions

Figure 2

Structure, symmetry, and stress of the new phase. (a) STM topography of the B and C terraces. Black and white lines show the symmetry grids; (b) STM topography of the interface between the $\left(2\times 1\right)\text{-O}$ phase and B domain. Two $8\times 16$ slabs of the Cu lattice, underlying domain B, and $\left(2\times 1\right)\text{-O}$ phase $\left(r\right)$ are shown as black and white rectangles. Construction of the B slab ($b_3$ and $b_4$ vectors) from the corresponding unit cell ($b_1$ and $b_2$ vectors) is shown schematically; (c) superposition of the $\left(8\times 16\right)$ slabs. Compression of the Cu lattice underlying B domain is specified in percent.Reuse & Permissions

Figure 3

STM topography of the (a) $\text{Cu}\left(110\right)\text{−}c\left(8\times 2\right)\text{-O}$ phase and its (b) structural model reproduced from Ref. 20. The arrows indicate symmetric approach of the four Cu atoms, belonging to the Cu-O chains (black circles), toward the isolated ${\text{CuO}}_2$ fragment located in the center [highlighted in (b)].Reuse & Permissions

Figure 4

Chiral organization on the strained Cu(110)-O surface. (a) and (b): STM topographies of the two enantiomorphic domains. The black and white lines specify the unit cell of each domain. The white contour lines depict the ${\text{Cu}}_4{\text{O}}_8$ “tetramer” units where Cu and O atoms are shown as large and small black circles, respectively. (c) and (d) Structural models of the enantiomorphic domains shown in (a) and (b). Cu and O atoms are shown as white and gray circles, respectively. The unit cells of both domains are highlighted; the close-packed rows of the Cu substrate are shown as white grid lines. (e) Schematics of the ${\text{CuO}}_2$ fragments pairing. The arrows designate pairing of the single ${\text{CuO}}_2$ fragments (highlighted) into two mirror forms of the ${\text{Cu}}_2{\text{O}}_4$ dimmers.Reuse & Permissions