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An integrated environmental approach to investigate biomarker fluctuations in the blue mussel Mytilus edulis L. in the Vilaine estuary, France

  • Ecotoxicology of estuaries in France and Québec, Canada
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Abstract

Estuarine areas represent complex and highly changing environments at the interface between freshwater and marine aquatic ecosystems. Therefore, the aquatic organisms living in estuaries have to face highly variable environmental conditions. The aim of this work was to study the influence of environmental changes from either natural or anthropogenic origins on the physiological responses of Mytilus edulis. Mussels were collected in the Vilaine estuary during early summer because this season represents a critical period of active reproduction in mussels and of increased anthropogenic inputs from agricultural and boating activities into the estuary. The physiological status of the mussel M. edulis was evaluated through measurements of a suite of biomarkers related to: oxidative stress (catalase, malondialdehyde), detoxication (benzopyrene hydroxylase, carboxylesterase), neurotoxicity (acetylcholinesterase), reproductive cycle (vitelline, condition index, maturation stages), immunotoxicity (hemocyte concentration, granulocyte percentage, phagocytosis, reactive oxygen species production, oxidative burst), and general physiological stress (lysosomal stability). A selection of relevant organic contaminant (pesticides, (polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, polychlorobiphenyls) was measured as well as environmental parameters (water temperature, salinity, total suspended solids, turbidity, chlorophyll a, pheopigments) and mussel phycotoxin contamination. Two locations differently exposed to the plume of the Vilaine River were compared. Both temporal and inter-site variations of these biomarkers were studied. Our results show that reproduction cycle and environmental parameters such as temperature, organic ontaminants, and algal blooms could strongly influence the biomarker responses. These observations highlight the necessity to conduct integrated environmental approaches in order to better understand the causes of biomarker variations.

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Acknowledgments

This work was funded by the French National Research Agency in the framework of the program Ecotoxicology and Ecodynamics of Contaminants (ECODYN). The authors wish to thank the Institution d'Aménagement de la Vilaine for giving access to Arzal dam and to their laboratory facilities. In particular, they gratefully acknowledge V. Véron and L. Audic for providing logistic support to their activities.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Laboratoire d’Écotoxicologie, Ifremer, Nantes, France

    Emilie Farcy, Thierry Burgeot & Dominique Menard

  2. Laboratoire des Sciences de l’Environnement Marin (LEMAR), IUEM, Brest, France

    Hansy Haberkorn & Michel Auffret

  3. Équipe Écotoxicologie et Qualité des Milieux Aquatiques, Inra, Rennes, France

    Laurent Lagadic, Micheline Heydorff & Thierry Caquet

  4. Laboratoire Côtier Morbihan Pays de Loire, Ifremer, Nantes et La Trinité-sur-Mer, France

    Jean-Pierre Allenou

  5. Laboratoire de Physico-ToxicoChimie des Systèmes Naturels (LPTC), Bordeaux, France

    Hélène Budzinski

  6. Épuration et Qualité des Eaux, Unité de Recherche Réseaux, Cemagref, Bordeaux, France

    Nicolas Mazzella

  7. UMR 5119 Ecosym (UM2, CNRS, IRD, Ifremer, UM1, Université Montpellier 2), Montpellier, France

    Romain Pete

  8. Laboratoire Phycotoxines, Ifremer, Nantes, France

    Florence Mondeguer

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  1. Emilie Farcy
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  2. Thierry Burgeot
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Correspondence to Thierry Burgeot.

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Farcy, E., Burgeot, T., Haberkorn, H. et al. An integrated environmental approach to investigate biomarker fluctuations in the blue mussel Mytilus edulis L. in the Vilaine estuary, France. Environ Sci Pollut Res 20, 630–650 (2013). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-012-1316-z

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