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Greenland surface mass balance simulated by a regional climate model and comparison with satellite-derived data in 1990–1991

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Abstract

The 1990 and 1991 ablation seasons over Greenland are simulated with a coupled atmosphere-snow regional climate model with a 25-km horizontal resolution. The simulated snow water content allows a direct comparison with the satellite-derived melt signal. The model is forced with 6-hourly ERA-40 reanalysis at its boundaries. An evaluation of the simulated precipitation and a comparison of the modelled melt zone and the surface albedo with remote sensing observations are presented. Both the distribution and quantity of the simulated precipitation agree with observations from coastal weather stations, estimates from other models and the ERA-40 reanalysis. There are overestimations along the steep eastern coast, which are most likely due to the “topographic barrier effect”. The simulated extent and time evolution of the wet snow zone compare generally well with satellite-derived data, except during rainfall events on the ice sheet and because of a bias in the passive microwave retrieved melt signal. Although satellite-based surface albedo retrieval is only valid in the case of clear sky, the interpolation and the correction of these data enable us to validate the simulated albedo on the scale of the whole Greenland. These two comparisons highlight a large sensitivity of the remote sensing observations to weather conditions. Our high-resolution climate model was used to improve the retrieval algorithms by taking more fully into account the atmosphere variability. Finally, the good agreement of the simulated melting surface with the improved satellite signal allows a detailed estimation of the melting volume from the simulation.

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Acknowledgments

Xavier Fettweis is a research fellow of the Belgian National Fund for Scientific Research. Comments by Prof. Roger Barry helped improve the manuscript. The authors acknowledge the National Snow and Ice Data Center (NSIDC, Boulder, CO, USA) for providing the Bamber et al. (2001) topography, the Bromwich et al. (2001) precipitation datasets, the SSM/I data (Abdalati and Steffen 1997) and the AVHRR Polar Pathfinder Twice-Daily 5 km EASE-Grid Composites products (Fowler et al. 2000) (see http://nsidc.org/). The project was supported by the French programme ACI-C3 (Ministère de la Recherche). All major computations were realized with IDRIS computing resources (France).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Institut d’astronomie et de géophysique de G. Lemaître, Université catholique de Louvain, 2, chemin du cyclotron, 1348, Louvain-La-Neuve, Belgium

    Xavier Fettweis & Jean-Pascal van Ypersele

  2. Laboratoire de Glaciologie et Géophysique de l’Environnement, CNRS, Grenoble, France

    Hubert Gallée

  3. Vito-IMS (Flemish Institute for Technological Research—Integral Environmental Studies) Mol,  , Belgium

    Filip Lefebre

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  1. Xavier Fettweis
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  4. Jean-Pascal van Ypersele
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Correspondence to Xavier Fettweis.

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Fettweis, X., Gallée, H., Lefebre, F. et al. Greenland surface mass balance simulated by a regional climate model and comparison with satellite-derived data in 1990–1991. Climate Dynamics 24, 623–640 (2005). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00382-005-0010-y

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